To perform a z-test in MATLAB, you first need to calculate the z-score of your sample. The z-score is a measure of how many standard deviations your sample mean is away from the population mean:
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Once you have the z-score, you can use the normcdf
function to calculate the p-value:
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If the p-value is less than your chosen significance level (e.g. 0.05), you can reject the null hypothesis that the sample comes from a population with a certain mean.
For instance, let's say you want to perform a one-sample z-test to determine if a sample of 100 measurements of a certain variable with a mean of 4.2 comes from a population with a mean of 4. You define the significance level as 0.05. You can perform the z-test as follows:
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This will output:
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