how to shanon fano code symbols in matlab

main.m
function codes = shannonFanoCode(symbols, probabilities)
    % Sort symbols and probabilities in descending order
    [probabilities, sortedIndex] = sort(probabilities, 'descend');
    symbols = symbols(sortedIndex);
    
    % Recursive function to assign codes to symbols
    function assignCodes(startIndex, endIndex, code)
        if startIndex == endIndex
            codes{startIndex} = code;
            return;
        end
        
        % Split symbols into two groups
        sumProb = sum(probabilities(startIndex:endIndex));
        cumProb = 0;
        splitIndex = startIndex;
        for i = startIndex:endIndex
            cumProb = cumProb + probabilities(i);
            if cumProb >= sumProb / 2
                splitIndex = i;
                break;
            end
        end
        
        % Assign '0' to symbols in the first group and '1' to the second group
        assignCodes(startIndex, splitIndex, [code, '0']);
        assignCodes(splitIndex+1, endIndex, [code, '1']);
    end
    
    % Assign codes to symbols
    assignCodes(1, numel(symbols), '');
end
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main.m
symbols = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D'};
probabilities = [0.4, 0.2, 0.3, 0.1];

codes = shannonFanoCode(symbols, probabilities);

% Display the codes for each symbol
for i = 1:numel(symbols)
    fprintf('%s : %s\n', symbols{i}, codes{i});
end
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main.m
A : 0
B : 10
C : 11
D : 100
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